Governance ReviewNo. 41Epochs 650 to 65217 Aug 2026 to 1 Sept 2026

The Cardano treasury pays out ₳120M and falls to its lowest level since epoch 508

Cardano PRIME's ₳120M payment brought the treasury to its lowest balance since epoch 508. At the end of epoch 652, a committee election had sufficient DRep and pool support, while a proposed cut to the minimum pool fee remained below the required pool support.

₳120M
the largest single treasury withdrawal to date, paid at the boundary to epoch 650
₳1,337.4M
the treasury at the start of epoch 650, after the payment
4
of the seven committee seats hold terms that run through epoch 653
292
DReps voted in the last 12 epochs, against 342 in epoch 643

₳120M leaves the treasury

The withdrawal for Cardano PRIME, a twelve month programme for decentralised finance on Cardano, was paid at the boundary to epoch 650. At ₳120M it is the largest single treasury withdrawal under on-chain governance, ahead of the ₳96.8M paid in epoch 575. The balance fell with it, from ₳1,453.7M at the start of epoch 649 to ₳1,337.4M at the start of epoch 650. The vote on PRIME, and the ₳150M raise of the spending limit that made room for it, are in the review of epochs 647 to 649.

After the payment, ₳42.6M remained under the ₳500M spending limit for epochs 613 to 713, according to the treasury overview on this site. Two requests submitted in epoch 649 run past this window: Ikigai’s deposit reimbursement for ₳103,000 and Governance Incentives Framework 2026 for ₳4.2M. A request of PRIME’s size would need another raise of the limit first.

Treasury balance, epochs 630 to 652

In millions of ada at the start of each epoch

1,300M1,400M1,500M1,600M1,700MEpoch 630: 1,633M630Epoch 631: 1,636MEpoch 632: 1,640MEpoch 633: 1,644MEpoch 634: 1,516MEpoch 635: 1,512M635Epoch 636: 1,516MEpoch 637: 1,487MEpoch 638: 1,490MEpoch 639: 1,471MEpoch 640: 1,465M640Epoch 641: 1,470MEpoch 642: 1,474MEpoch 643: 1,473MEpoch 644: 1,476MEpoch 645: 1,474M645Epoch 646: 1,445MEpoch 647: 1,446MEpoch 648: 1,450MEpoch 649: 1,454MEpoch 650: 1,337M650Epoch 651: 1,341MEpoch 652: 1,345M652Epoch 650: ₳120M withdrawal₳120M withdrawal
One epoch takes the balance below every earlier reading since epoch 508. Another large step is epoch 634, where six withdrawals were enacted for ₳131.5M together.

Two votes at their deadline

Update Constitutional Committee 2026 and Reduce minPoolCost to 75 ada and increase Plutus Memory Limits (Part 2) both ran to the boundary to epoch 653. The figures here are as of the close of epoch 652, before either outcome was determined.

The committee election fills the four seats whose terms run out with epoch 653 with the candidates elected in a public vote, each for a term of 146 epochs ending at epoch 799, the longest the parameter allows. That maximum is why, as the proposal itself explains, the action could only take effect in the final epoch of its lifetime: the term is measured from the epoch it takes effect, and an earlier start would have made each term longer than the limit. Two of the four are re-elected members whose new terms begin where their current ones end.

It stood at 72.0% of DRep power against the 67% it needs, and at 56.2% of pool stake against 51%, on 302 yes votes from pools, 1 no and 35 abstentions. DRep shares in this edition are the yes power as a share of all counted power, with abstaining power left out and power that did not vote counted as no. Pool shares are by stake rather than by vote count.

The yes votes carry reservations. The Cardano Foundation wrote that the roster “does not completely reflect our initial preferences” and that it finds the composition adequate for continuity. CardanoYoda (MANDA Pool) voted yes and wrote that 38 DReps holding ₳2.332B took part in the election, that fourth place was decided by about ₳146M, and that approval voting lets a large DRep back several candidates with its full power. The committee minimum was cut from seven to five in the review of epochs 642 to 646 for a related reason: few candidates for an unpaid seat.

The pool fee cut lacks enough pool support

The fee change bundles two things. It cuts the minimum fee every stake pool must charge from 170 ada per epoch to 75, about 56% lower, and it completes a memory increase for Plutus, from 16,500,000 to 17,500,000 units per transaction and from 72,000,000 to 77,500,000 per block.

It stood at 68.6% of DRep power and at 34.5% of pool stake, on 147 yes votes from pools, 59 no and 41 abstentions. The committee voted on it as well, five yes and none against.

YUTA, a pool operator as well as a DRep, wrote that the cut is “if anything likely to work against my own pool income” and voted yes. The Cardano Foundation put the case in figures: with rewards near 300 ada per block, the 170 ada floor absorbs about 57% of the gross reward of a pool producing one block. SASA_nagamaru voted yes and asked that changes of a different nature be submitted separately in future.

The two closing votes on each body, end of epoch 652

In percent of counted DRep power and of pool stake, each against its own bar

DReps, 67% neededCommittee electionDReps, 67% needed, Committee election: 72.0%72.0%Fee changeDReps, 67% needed, Fee change: 68.6%68.6%67% neededPools, 51% neededCommittee electionPools, 51% needed, Committee election: 56.2%56.2%Fee changePools, 51% needed, Fee change: 34.5%34.5%51% needed
Both were above the DRep bar as of the close. On the pool side only the committee election was, the fee change had 34.5% of pool stake against the 51% it needs.

Yoroi and EMURGO change position

Yoroi W₳llet at ₳480.0M and EMURGO at ₳305.5M, the largest and the fourth largest DReps at the end of the window, had abstained on every treasury vote but PRIME in the previous window, in rationales of their own that pointed to the unresolved situation at SecondFi. On the committee election and the fee change both voted yes, and both rationales open with a change of position. Yoroi wrote that it had previously abstained “while considering the responsibility entrusted to us by our delegators” and was changing its vote because the committee has to remain operational. EMURGO wrote that it had withheld judgment “in light of the ongoing situation in the ecosystem” and was changing its vote for the continuity of the committee.

On the naming vote both abstained again, with the earlier text. Abstaining power on the committee election was ₳51.8M and on the fee change ₳23.7M, against ₳1.43B on the naming vote. Blockdaemon at ₳338.7M, the third largest, did not vote on either of the two actions closing at the boundary and abstained on the other two, with no rationale in the record.

On 3 August EMURGO had announced on X, for itself and the Yoroi DRep, its intention to deregister as a DRep in due course, to concentrate on the recovery of users affected by a security incident at SecondFi. A wallet migration will undelegate their users, who will then choose a new DRep or hold power that no longer votes.

The committee objects to the format of the naming proposal

One vote closed inside the window, at the boundary to epoch 651. Name the Protocol Version 12 hard fork “von Bergen“ is an info action, which the ledger neither ratifies nor executes, proposing that the next protocol upgrade carry the name of a community member, stake pool operator and ambassador from the earliest days of the network who died in January 2026. DReps put 61.3% of their power behind it on 125 yes votes, 2 no and 23 abstain, pools 9.0% of stake on 34 yes votes. In the committee no member voted yes, three voted no and one abstained.

The committee’s no is about the document, not the tribute. Ace Alliance wrote that its finding “concerns format only, not the merits of the commemoration”: the constitution asks for an action document at an immutable address, and this one sits at an ordinary web address whose content can change. A second member’s no rests on the same point. Tingvard abstained, writing that an info action with no on chain effect is neither constitutional nor unconstitutional, and signalled support for the sentiment. YUTA wrote that it would “rather not turn this into a contest” between late contributors and votes yes on naming actions as a rule. One pool operator abstained, writing that the action arrived in the week the hard fork working group was discussing how to honour several community members who had died. A resubmission would have to fix the mutable reference and the format problems the no rationales cite.

Fewer voters, less power

The power delegated to DReps fell from ₳5.26B at epoch 650 to ₳5.13B at epoch 652, a drop of ₳122.9M, and the count of DReps that voted in the previous twelve epochs stood at 292, against 342 at epoch 643.

Decided in this window

Open at the close of the window

ActionStatusDRep yes
Update Constitutional Committee 2026Undecided at the close of epoch 65272.0%
Reduce minPoolCost to 75 ada and increase Plutus Memory Limits (Part 2)Undecided at the close of epoch 65268.6%
Reimburse Ikigai Info Governance Action Deposit.Voting ends at the start of epoch 656n/a
Governance Incentives Framework 2026Voting ends at the start of epoch 656n/a

n/a: no DRep share is available from within these epochs. Any share the text gives for this action was read after they ended.

The numbers behind the window

Delegated to DReps, at the start of epoch 650
₳5.26B
Delegated to DReps, at the start of epoch 652
₳5.13B
Votes cast in the window, superseded votes included
994
DReps whose final vote fell in the window
157
Treasury, at the start of epoch 650
₳1,337.4M
Treasury, at the start of epoch 652
₳1,344.9M
  • Votes cast is every vote of epochs 650 to 652 across all three roles, superseded votes included.
  • The committee minimum size in force at the end of epoch 652 is not stated. The data behind this review holds no protocol parameter snapshot at or before this window.
  • Every lowest and highest reading named here is counted from epoch 508, where the data behind this review begins, one epoch after on-chain governance began.
  • The two actions whose voting windows run to the boundary of epoch 653 are reported with their tallies as of the close of epoch 652. Their outcomes fall outside this edition's reporting period.

Sources and further reading

21 sources, open the list
  • On 3 August 2026 EMURGO announced on X, for itself and the Yoroi DRep, its immediate resignation from the Intersect board and its intention to deregister its DRep role in due course, to direct its attention to the recovery effort for users affected by a security incident at SecondFi, and said that a user migrating their wallet would be undelegated from their stake pool and DRep and free to choose a new DRep. the EMURGO announcement on X
  • The treasury overview on this site puts the room left under the ₳500M net change limit for epochs 613 to 713, after the ₳120M payment, at ₳42.6M. the treasury overview
  • Yoroi wrote on the committee update that it had previously voted abstain while considering the responsibility entrusted to it by its delegators, and was changing its vote to yes because the committee must remain operational and the action renews the expiring seats with the outcome of the election. the rationale of Yoroi on the committee update
  • EMURGO wrote on the committee update that it had previously abstained in light of the ongoing situation in the ecosystem and was changing its vote to yes for the continuity of the committee. the rationale of EMURGO on the committee update
  • Yoroi wrote on the naming proposal that it was withholding its vote in light of the current situation and would reassess once conditions allow for a considered decision. the rationale of Yoroi on the naming proposal
  • The Cardano Foundation wrote on the committee update that the proposed roster does not completely reflect its initial preferences and that it considers the composition adequate to preserve the operational continuity of the committee. the rationale of the Cardano Foundation on the committee update
  • CardanoYoda wrote on the committee update that participation in the election was limited to 38 DReps representing ₳2.332B, that the fourth place margin was approximately ₳146M, and that approval voting lets large DReps apply their full power to several candidates. the rationale of CardanoYoda on the committee update
  • YUTA wrote on the parameter change that as a stake pool operator the cut to the minimum fee is if anything likely to work against its own pool income, and that the Plutus memory increase is the second half of a phased change with no issues observed since the first. the rationale of YUTA on the parameter change
  • The Cardano Foundation wrote on the parameter change that with rewards near 300 ada per block the 170 ada floor absorbs about 57 percent of the gross reward of a pool producing one block. the rationale of the Cardano Foundation on the parameter change
  • SASA_nagamaru wrote on the parameter change that it combines changes of a different nature and that future changes should be submitted separately where practical. the rationale of SASA_nagamaru on the parameter change
  • Ace Alliance found the naming proposal unconstitutional on format only, not on the merits of the commemoration, because the constitution requires an action document at an immutable address. the rationale of the committee member Ace Alliance on the naming proposal
  • A second committee member found the naming proposal unconstitutional because its off chain reference is an ordinary https address whose content may be modified, where the constitution requires the document to be immutable. the rationale of a second committee member on the naming proposal
  • Tingvard abstained on the naming proposal, signalling support for the sentiment, on the ground that an info action with no on chain effect is neither constitutional nor unconstitutional. the rationale of the committee member Tingvard on the naming proposal
  • YUTA wrote on the naming proposal that it would rather not turn naming into a contest between late contributors and votes yes on naming actions as a rule unless one is clearly unreasonable. the rationale of YUTA on the naming proposal
  • One stake pool operator abstained on the naming proposal, writing that the action arrived in the week the hard fork working group was discussing how to honour several community members who had died, and that the abstention was no refusal of the contributions being honoured. the rationale of a stake pool operator on the naming proposal
  • The ₳120,000,000 withdrawal funds a twelve month programme to improve the readiness of decentralised finance protocols, activate incentives and grow lasting liquidity in Cardano markets, executed by an outside firm under an operating group, with Intersect holding the withdrawn funds and releasing them through milestone gated processes with published disbursement records and a separate auditable account. the document behind the payment
  • The parameter change bundles two things. It cuts the minimum pool fee from 170 ada to 75, about 56% lower, arguing that the relief of the previous cut has been eroded by falling block rewards: the penalty on a pool producing one block per epoch is put at about 53% of delegator rewards, up from about 28% after the 2023 reduction, and projected to reach 100% by around epoch 758. It also raises the Plutus memory limit per transaction from 16,500,000 to 17,500,000 units and per block from 72,000,000 to 77,500,000, completing a cumulative increase of 25% in two steps. the document behind the parameter change
  • The document behind the committee update replaces the four seats whose terms expire at the end of epoch 653 with the candidates elected in the 2026 committee election, each for a term of 146 epochs ending at epoch 799, the current maximum term length. It explains that because the term is measured from the epoch of enactment against a fixed expiry epoch, the action can only be enacted in the final epoch of its lifetime however early the thresholds are met, and that two of the four are re-elected members whose new terms begin where their current ones end. the document behind the committee update
  • The document behind the naming proposal asks that the protocol version 12 hard fork carry the name of a community member, stake pool operator and ambassador from the earliest days of the network who died in January 2026. the document behind the naming proposal
  • The document behind the deposit reimbursement is the same one that backed the request which expired in epoch 643: it asks for the deposit lost on an early info action to a node bug, plus the staking rewards forgone. the document behind the deposit reimbursement
  • The document behind the incentives request funds a research programme that evaluates candidate governance incentive mechanisms through data, modelling and a controlled pilot before any of them is presented to governance for adoption. the document behind the incentives request